5th edition WHO classification of pediatric leukemias and lymphomas

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In the fifth edition, WHO classifies pediatric tumors separately from adult tumors.

Myeloid neoplasms

Myeloproliferative neoplasms

  • Chronic myeloid leukemia, BCR::ABL1 positive

Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms

  • Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia

Myelodysplastic syndromes

  • Refractory cytopenia of childhood
  • Myelodysplastic syndromes with excess blasts

Myeloid neoplasms with germline predisposition

Myeloid proliferations associated with Down syndrome

Acute myeloid leukemia and related neoplasms

  • Acute myeloid leukemia, NOS
  • Acute myeloid leukemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities

Mast cell neoplasia

  • Mastocytosis

Lymphoid neoplasms

Precursor lymphoid neoplasms

  • B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
  • T-cell and natural killer cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
    • T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
    • Early T-cell precursor lymphoblastic leukemia
    • NK-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma

Mature B-cell neoplasms

  • Primary mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma
  • Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, NOS
  • EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, NOS
  • Large B-cell lymphoma with IRF4 rearrangement
  • Pediatric-type follicular lymphoma
  • Pediatric nodal marginal zone lymphoma
  • ALK-positive large B-cell lymphoma
  • Lymphomatoid granulomatosis
  • Plasmablastic lymphoma
  • Grey-zone lymphoma
  • Burkitt lymphoma
  • Burkitt like lymphoma with 11q aberration

Mature T/NK-cell neoplasms

  • Peripheral T-cell lymphoma
  • Aggressive NK-cell leukemia
  • Mycosis fungoides
  • Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK positive
  • Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma
  • Primary cutaneous CD 30 + T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders
  • Systemic EBV + T cell lymphoma of childhood
  • Hydroa vacciniforme lymphoproliferative disorder
  • Subcutaneous panniculitis like T cell lymphoma

Hodgkin lymphoma

  • Classical Hodgkin lymphoma
  • Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma

Histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms

  • Langerhans cell histiocytosis and other histiocytic/dendritic cell neoplasms

Immunodeficiency associated lymphoproliferative disorders

  • Primary immunodeficiency associated lymphoproliferative disorders
  • Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders
  • HIV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders