Neonatal pneumonia

  • occurs perinatally
  • ascending infection from vagina
  • transvaginally during birth
  • hospital acquired infection in post natal period
  • prolonged rupture of membranes is a known risk
  • infant swallows or aspirates infected amniotic fluid or vaginal tract secretions
  • Group B streptococcus most common organism
imaging
  • severe acute symptoms first 24-48 hours
  • coarse bilateral asymmetrical alveolar opacification with or without interstitial change
  • pleural effusion
  • pulmonary hyperinflation
  • mild cardiomegaly
  • mimic meconium aspiration or transient tachypnea of newborn
  • chlamydia: conjunctivitis at 1-2 weeks of birth. lung infection by 4-12 weeks of age. Interstitial opacification with some hyperinflation
  • ureaplasma urealyticum: mild early course, develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia at an earlier age