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- occurs perinatally
- ascending infection from vagina
- transvaginally during birth
- hospital acquired infection in post natal period
- prolonged rupture of membranes is a known risk
- infant swallows or aspirates infected amniotic fluid or vaginal tract secretions
- Group B streptococcus most common organism
imaging
- severe acute symptoms first 24-48 hours
- coarse bilateral asymmetrical alveolar opacification with or without interstitial change
- pleural effusion
- pulmonary hyperinflation
- mild cardiomegaly
- mimic meconium aspiration or transient tachypnea of newborn
- chlamydia: conjunctivitis at 1-2 weeks of birth. lung infection by 4-12 weeks of age. Interstitial opacification with some hyperinflation
- ureaplasma urealyticum: mild early course, develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia at an earlier age
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