Causes
- Infection
- Parapneumonic
- Empyema – streptococcal or staphylococcal
- Tuberculosis
- Neoplasm
- Leukemia
- Lymphoma
- Metastasis: Wilms
- PNET
- Mesothelioma
- Inflammatory
- Pancreatitis (small, left)
- Fluid overload
- Low albumin states
- Cardiac failure
- Severe sepsis
- Trauma
- Hemothorax
- Congenital
- Diaphragmatic hernia
- Chylothorax – lymphangiectasia / lymphangiomatosis