Section Placenta previa 15 May 202315 May 2023 If the placental edge is >2 cm away from internal os, it is considered normal. Only two terminologies prefereed. previa: placenta covers internal os low-lying: placental edge < 2 cm…
Section Nuchal cord 15 May 202315 May 2023 Single loop of cord around fetal neck is not associated with any morbidity or mortality At least three or more loops are needed around fetal neck to at least argue…
Section Acute abdomen in pregnancy 15 May 202315 May 2023 Differentials placental abruption appendicitis urolithiasis pyelonephritis cholecystitis ovarian torsion fibroid degeneration uterine rupture HELLP
Section Single umbilical artery 1 May 20221 May 2022 Two vessel cordOne umbilical artery and one umbilical veinIn isolation, no adverse clinical outcomeWhen accompanied by other anomalies, 50% chance for trisomy 13 and 18IUGR in 15% cases Imaging Free…
Section 7th edition AJCC TNM staging of adrenocortical carcinoma 23 Mar 20223 Apr 2022 TXPrimary tumor cannot be assessedT0No evidence of primary tumor T1Tumor 5 cm or less in greatest dimension, no extra-adrenal invasionT2Tumor greater than 5 cm, no extra-adrenal invasionT3Tumor of any size with…
Section Goldman and Sandler classification of urethral injuries 23 Mar 202223 Mar 2022 Grade IPosterior urethra stretched but intactGrade IIPartial or complete posterior urethral tear above intact urogenital diaphragmGrade IIIPartial or complete tear of combined anterior and posterior urethra with torn urogenital diaphragmGrade…
Section Colapinto and McCallum classification of urethral injuries 23 Mar 202223 Mar 2022 Grade IPosterior urethra stretched but intactGrade II Posterior urethral tear above intact urogenital diaphragmGrade IIIPosterior urethral tear with extravasation through torn urogenital diaphragm
Section AAST renal injury scale 23 Mar 202223 Mar 2022 GradeParenchymaCollecting systemVascularGrade I Sub capsular hematoma and/or contusionNo injuryNo injuryGrade II Laceration < 1 cm in depth and into cortex, small perirenal hematoma contained within Gerota fasciaNo injuryNo injuryGrade IIILaceration > 1…
Section FIGO staging of ovarian carcinoma 23 Mar 202223 Mar 2022 Stage ITumor limited to ovaries or fallopian tubesStage IATumor limited to one ovary or fallopian tube; no tumor on ovarian or fallopian tube surface; no malignant cells in ascites or…